Major Changes to Social Security’s Back Problem Impairment Listings

The Social Security Administration has made definitive changes to its musculoskeletal listing in its Blue Book which are sure to impact applicants seeking Social Security Disability benefits for back problems.

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The SSA has made changes to its musculoskeletal listing which are sure to impact applicants seeking Disability benefits for back problems.

The Blue Book lists impairments that are considered so severe that an individual is prevented from performing any type of work and describes the criteria Social Security uses to evaluate claims for disability.

These listings automatically qualify an applicant for disability benefits, provided the applicant meets the listing criteria as well as Social Security’s financial requirements. The musculoskeletal listing covers back and spine issues, joint issues, broken bones and amputations. This new rule was proposed in December 2020 after a public comment period between May and July 2018. Social Security states that it is revising its criteria to reflect its “adjudicative experience, advances in medical knowledge, and comments we received from the public in response to a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM)” and to provide guidance to disability adjudicators when evaluating evidence in cases involving musculoskeletal disorders.

The main changes include:

•    The listings have been renumbered and now have multiple requirements
•   A separate listing for spinal stenosis (See Listing 1.16)
•   A new listing for pathological fractures, fractures that are the result of a disease process instead of trauma, was added. (See Listing 1.19)
•   Spinal arachnoiditis has been removed from musculoskeletal listings and is now evaluated under neurological listing 11.08.
•   Added wheeled and seated mobility devices to functional criteria based on how the device affects a person’s use of their upper extremities. An individual must be unable to use both hands for work-related tasks because of a disease such as arthritis, or the individual must be unable to use both hands because the individual needs to hold or use their hands on a device to walk or move, such as a wheelchair or crutches. This means that the inability to ambulate is no longer a basis of a disabling impairment. If an applicant uses a wheelchair or another mobility device that requires using only one hand, it is not a basis for a disabling impairment.
•   Social Security also clarified that any assistive device – hand-held, wheeled, or worn – must be supported by medical documentation that details the need for the device over a 12-month period.
•   An emphasis on documentation from an acceptable medical source, such as a doctor, surgeon, or nurse practitioner and medical imaging.

You can read the new listing here: https://www.ssa.gov/disability/professionals/bluebook/1.00-Musculoskeletal-Adult.htm.

Contact a Social Security disability attorney at 512-454-4000 for a free consultation and see if you can get disability benefits while suffering from back problems. If you have been denied disability don’t give up!

Social Security received 39 comments from legal organizations, advocacy groups, medical organizations, a state agency that makes disability determinations for Social Security, and individuals. Some commenters asked Social Security to withdraw the rule, arguing that:

•    The changes were too stringent;
•   Fewer applicants would qualify at the listing level; and
•   Further assessment of cases would be necessary to make a determination that would prolong the process.

While the Social Security Administration declined to withdraw the rule, saying that listing impairments preclude the ability to perform “any gainful activity” and that the agency has the obligation to ensure the listings are up to date and reflect current medical criteria, it did consider public comments.

Social Security incorporated some suggestions by clarifying language and adding further explanation as to how they evaluate this impairment. A summary of the rule with public comments and Social Security’s responses can be found here: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2020-12-03/pdf/2020-25250.pdf

The new listing replaces the old and will apply to applications filed on or after April 2, 2021, as well as any claims pending on or after April 2.

This means if you had a hearing on a claim for back problems before April 2, and a judge has not made a decision yet, the new rules will apply to your case. If you are currently receiving Social Security Disability benefits because of a musculoskeletal disorder based on a previous listing, Social Security will not terminate your benefits. Social Security does not readjudicate cases that have been previously decided when listings are revised. Though Social Security must periodically conduct continuing disability reviews (CDR) to determine whether beneficiaries are still disabled, the new rules do not change the timeframe for conducting a CDR or how a CDR is conducted. To terminate benefits, Social Security must prove that the beneficiary’s medical condition has improved and that the improvement is “related to the “ability to work.” This means that even when a beneficiary’s medical condition has improved, if they are still unable to work, Social Security will find that the disability continues.

Some attorneys believe the changes will make it more difficult to meet the requirements of the musculoskeletal listing and will have the most impact at the initial and reconsideration stages of filing a claim.

Claimants should make sure that all symptoms are documented in their medical records. Applicants who rely on an assistive device must provide evidence from an accepted medical source that supports the need for the device and the circumstances for which the device is needed. Attorneys should update client medical documents to ensure doctors’ statements prove a client’s medical condition meets the requirements of the new listing.

Social Security receives more disability claims for back problems than any other condition and does not make it easy for an individual to qualify for benefits.

With the new changes in effect, now more than ever, it’s important to have the guidance and advice of a Social Security Disability attorney.